Properties: Bitter, slightly acrid

Meridans Entered:
Primary: Liver, Gallbladder, Large Intestine, Stomach, Lung

1. Eases pain, relieves cough, promotes urination and resolves Toxicity
   Gastrointestinal pain
   Oedema, jaundice
   Sores and swellings, snake or insect bites

Suggested Daily Dosage: 3-6g in decoction.

Cautions: The MHRA Banned and Restricted Ingredients limits the maximum daily dose to be 6g and the maximum single dose to be 2g. It is generally only administered internally in processed form (tinctured at 1:5 ratio) at a maximum dose of 30ml per day, or 10ml per single dose.

• Coptisine
  The component that gives Huang Lian its bitter taste and probably the one responsible for its effects on digestive disorders from bacterial infections.
• Berberine
  Alkaloid with antibiotic, anti-fungal, antidiarrheal, antilipemic, hypoglycemic and antioxidant properties. It also functions as a potassium channel blocker and an antineoplastic agent, among other things. It is slowly soluble in water.
• Sanguinarine
  Main toxic component that kills animal cells through its action on the Na+/K+-ATPase transmembrane protein. Applied to the skin, it may cause a massive scab of dead flesh called an eschar where it killed the cells at the place it was applied. This may be where its indications for warts originates.
• Chelidonine
  May induce apoptosis in malignant cell lines but is also toxic causing tremor, sedation and decrease in body temperature in rodents.
• Chelerythrine
  Potent, selective, and cell-permeable protein kinase C inhibitor in vitro and an efficacious antagonist of G-protein-coupled CB1 receptors. Antibacterial against Staphylococcus aureus.
• Protopine
  Inhibits histamine H1 receptors and platelet aggregation, and acts as an analgesic. Also found in opium poppies and Corydalis Yanhusuo.
• Allocryptopine