Properties: Bitter, neutral

Meridans Entered:
Primary: Liver, Lung, Spleen, Heart

1. Regulates Qi and alleviates pain
   Musculoskeletal pain
   Low energy, low libido
   Topically to heal wounds and alleviate pain from injury
2. Stops coughing
   Cough
3. Regulates the Spleen and stops diarrhoea
   Low appetite, diarrhoea, intestinal infections, worms
4. Raises the Spirit
   Low mood with lack of energy
   Traditionally used to receive guests and during ritual worship

Suggested Daily Dosage: Traditionally chewed as leaves or brewed as tea but often sold as powder or extracts today.

Cautions: Contains stimulatory and opioid-like substances that may be toxic. Common side effects include appetite loss, erectile dysfunction, nausea and constipation. More severe side effects may include respiratory depression, seizure, addiction, and psychosis. Other side effects may include high heart rate and blood pressure, trouble sleeping, and liver toxicity. Death is possible at high doses or if mixed with other substances. When use is stopped, withdrawal symptoms may occur.

• Mitragynine
  Monoterpenoid indole alkaloid that makes up 0.5-1.5% of the total weight of kratom leaves. It binds to opioid receptors (primarily mu) giving its analgesic effect and also has an effect on dopamine D2, adenosine, serotonin, and alpha-2 adrenergic receptors too, although exact mechanisms are unclear.
• 7-Hydroxymitragynine
  Oxidized derivative and active metabolite of mitragynine present in much smaller concentrations.

Notes:

Traditional actions have been inferred based on indications and are not from an official pharmacopoeia.