Ban Xia - 半夏 - Rhizoma Pinelliae

Properties: Pungent, warm, toxic

Meridans Entered:
Primary: Lung, Spleen and Stomach
Divergent Channels: Large Intestine, Lung
Extraordinary Vessels: Chong

Traditional Actions/Indications:

Dries Dampness and transforms Phlegm
Cold-Phlegm in the Lungs (cough with copious sputum)
Especially effective for Damp-Phlegm of the Spleen (Cold-Damp Stagnation)
Descends Rebellious Qi and stops vomiting (harmonizes the Stomach)
Vomiting due to Phlegm-Damp in the Stomach (Tan Yin), Cold thin mucus, Stomach Deficiency, Stomach Heat or pregnancy
Dissipates nodules and reduces Stagnation (clumps)
Phlegm in the chest (nodules, pressure, distention, pain)
Phlegm nodules in the neck (goiter, scrofula)
Focal distension in the chest and epigastrium
Obstruction caused by Phlegm anywhere in the body
Treats sores, skin ulcerations and carbuncles and reduces swelling (external)
Topically as a powder for sores, skin ulcerations and carbuncles

Suggested Daily Dosage: 3-10g in decoction.

Cautions: Contraindicated to Wu Tou. Use with cautions during gestation.

Must be processed before use as raw Ban Xia is toxic. Ingesting the raw form can cause severe irritation of the mouth, pharynx, and gastrointestinal tracts, and has toxic effects on the nervous system. Symptoms of toxicity include a dry mouth, numbness of the tongue, gastric discomfort, burning sensations and swelling of the mouth, tongue, throat and salivation. In serious cases ingesting Ban Xia can result in hoarseness, spasms, dyspnoea and asphyxia.

Processing can be done with ginger and alum (Jiang Ban Xia) to make a warming herb best suited for Cold-Damp and thin Phlegm conditions, or with liquorice (Fa Ban Xia) to make a more neutral herb that is less drying and can be used for Damp-Heat conditions too.

Notable Constituents: For more complete analysis of constituents and effects, see Zou et al. (2023) and Li et al. (2023).

Ephedrine
Amphetamine alkaloid with bronchodilatory, anti-hypotensive and CNS stimulant properties. Also used as a weight loss agent but with cardiovascular side effects leading to bans on the raw herb. Fresh pinellia root has approximately 2.93µg/g which is reduced by processing to 1.27µg/g (Su et al., 2016).
Alanine
Non-essential amino acid used for protein construction and energy for muscle tissue, the brain and central nervous system. It also strengthens the immune system by producing antibodies and helps in the metabolism of sugars and organic acids.
L-Valine
A branched-chain essential amino acid that has stimulant activity. It promotes muscle growth and tissue repair.
Leucine
Essential amino acids important for protein synthesis and many metabolic functions contributing to regulation of blood-sugar levels, growth and repair of muscle and bone tissue, growth hormone production and wound healing.
Succinic Acid
Conjugate acid of a succinate with a role as a nutraceutical, a radiation protective agent, an anti-ulcer drug, a micronutrient and a fundamental metabolite.
Adenosine
Ribonucleoside with vasodilatory, antiarrhythmic and analgesic activities. It is a fundamental molecule involved in energy metabolism when phosphorylated to form AMP, ADP or ATP.
Guanosine
Purine nucleoside essential for metabolism that can be phosphorylated to become GMP, cGMP, GDP and GTP which are factors in signal transduction pathways.
L-Arginine
Essential amino acid used to prevent or treat heart and circulatory diseases, combat fatigue, and stimulate the immune system. It also boosts production of nitric oxide, relaxing blood vessels, and treating angina and other cardiovascular problems.
Sitogluside / Daucosterol
Steroid saponin
Calcium Oxalate
Main toxic component reduced by processing which can lead to irritation and formation of kidney stones.
Pinellin
Toxic lectin that is reduced by processing (Liu et al., 2021).
Triglochinic acid
Not in P. ternata but found in P. pedatisecta and can be used as an adulteration marker (Jing et al, 2019).

See Mao & He, 2020 for a more complete discussion of the active compounds and variations in P. ternata.

Appears in 143 formulae listed on this site: (click to display)

Bai Zi Ren Wan (Arborvitae Seed Pill)
From: Formulas of Universal Benefit from My Practice (1132) by Xu Shu-Wei

Ban Liu Wan (Pinellia and Sulphur Pill)
From: Formulary of the Pharmacy Service for Benefiting the People of the Taiping Era by Tai Yi Ju (Imperial Medical Bureau) (1107)

Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang (Pinellia, Atractylodes and Gastrodia Decoction)
From: Awakening of the Mind in Medical Studies by Cheng Guo-Peng (1732)

Ban Xia Bai Zhu Tian Ma Tang (Pinellia, White Atractylodes and Gastrodia Decoction)
From: Discussion of the Spleen and Stomach by Li Gao / Li Dong Yuan (1249)

Ban Xia Hou Po Tang (Pinellia and Magnolia Bark Decoction)
From: Essentials from the Golden Cabinet by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Ban Xia Ren Shen Jiu (Pinellia and Ginseng Wine)
From: Chinese Medicinal Wines and Elixirs (2008) by Various

Ban Xia Shu Mi Tang (Pinellia and Sorghum Decoction)
From: Divine Pivot Classic, chapter 71. by Unknown (Pre-Qin to late Han dynasty)

Ban Xia Xie Xin Tang (Pinellia Decoction to Drain the Heart)
From: Discussion of Cold Damage by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Ban Xia Ze Xie Zhi Zhu Wan (Pinellia, Alismatis, Unripe Bitter Orange and Atractylodes Pill)
From: Discussion of the Spleen and Stomach by Li Gao / Li Dong Yuan (1249)

Ban Xia Zhi Zhu Wan (Pinellia Unripe Bitter Orange and Atractylodes Pill)
From: Discussion of the Spleen and Stomach by Li Gao / Li Dong Yuan (1249)

Bao He Wan (Preserve Harmony Pill)
From: Essential Teachings of Dan-Xi by Zhu Dan-Xi (1732)

Ben Tun Tang (Running Piglet Decoction)
From: Essentials from the Golden Cabinet by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Bian Zhi Xin Qi Yin (Modified Formulation of Heart Qi Drink)
From: Collection of Treasured Essentials (date unknown)

Bu Huan Jin Zheng Qi San (Rectify the Qi Powder Worth More than Gold)
From: Simple Book of Formulas (1191) by Wang Shuo

Can Shi Tang (Silkworm Droppings Decoction)
From: Discussion of Sudden Turmoil Disorders (1862) by Wang Shi-Xiong

Cang Fu Dao Tan Tang (Atractylodes and Cyperus Decoction to Guide Out Phlegm)
From: Unknown

Chai Hu Gui Zhi Tang (Bupleurum and Cinnamon Twig Decoction)
From: Discussion of Cold Damage by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Chai Hu Jia Long Gu Mu Li Tang (Bupleurum Plus Dragon Bone and Oyster Shell Decoction)
From: Discussion of Cold Damage by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Chai Hu Jia Mang Xiao Tang (Bupleurum Decoction plus Mirabilite)
From: Discussion of Cold Damage by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Chai Hu Si Wu Tang (Bupleurum and Four Substance Decoction)
From: Collection of Writings on the Mechanisms of Illness, Suitability of Qi, and the Safeguarding of Life as Discussed in Basic Questions (1186)

Chai Hu Xi Xin Tang (Bupleurum and Asarum Decoction)
From: Lecture Notes on Traditional Chinese Traumatology (1963)

Chai Hu Xian Xiong Tang (Bupleurum Decocotion [for Pathogens] Stuck in the Chest)
From: Revised Popular Guide to the Discussion of Cold Damage by Yu Gen-Chu, Revised by He Bing-Yuan (Qing dynasty)

Chai Hu Zhi Jie Tang (Bupleurum, Bitter Orange and Platycodon Decoction)
From: Comprehensive Medicine According to Master Zhang (1695) by Zhang Lu-Yu / Shi-Wan

Chai Ping Tang (Bupleurum and Calm the Stomach Decoction)
From: Enumeration of Formulas Omitted from the Inner Classic (Song dynasty)

Da An Wan (Great Tranquility Pill)
From: Essential Teachings of Dan-Xi by Zhu Dan-Xi (1732)

Da Ban Xia Tang (Major Pinellia Decoction)
From: Essentials from the Golden Cabinet by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Da Chai Hu Tang (Greater Bupleurum Decoction)
From: Discussion of Cold Damage by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Da Qi Qi Tang (Major Seven Emotions Decoction)
From: Discussion of Illnesses, Patterns and Formulas Related to the Unification of the Three Aetiologies (1174)

Dan Nang Shu Shi Chen Liao Yang Cao Yao Fang (Gallbladder Rat Time Recuperative Herbal Prescription)
From: Treatise on Armament Technology by Mao Yuanyi (1621)

Dang Tan Tang (Flush the Phlegm Decoction)
From: Essays on Medicine Esteeming the Chinese and Respecting the Western by Zang Xi Chun / Zang Shou Fu (1918-1934)

Dao Tan Tang (Guide Out Phlegm Decoction)
From: Transmitted Trustworthy and Suitable Formulas (1180)

Di Tan Tang (Scour Out Phlegm Decoction)
From: Fine Formulas of Wonderful Efficacy (1470)

Dian Kuang Meng Xing Tang (Decoction to Wake from the Nightmare of Insanity)
From: Correction of Errors Among Physicians by Wang Qing-Ren (1830)

Ding Chuan Tang (Arrest Wheezing Decotion)
From: Multitude of Marvellous Formulas for Sustaining Life (1550)

Ding Xian Wan (Arrest Seizures Pill)
From: Awakening of the Mind in Medical Studies by Cheng Guo-Peng (1732)

Er Chen Tang (Two Aged Decoction)
From: Formulary of the Pharmacy Service for Benefiting the People of the Taiping Era by Tai Yi Ju (Imperial Medical Bureau) (1107)

Er Zhu Tang (Dual Atractylodes Decoction)
From: Restoration of Health from the Myriad Diseases by Gong Ting-Xian (1587)

Fu Ling Wan (Poria Pill)
From: Selected Formulas (1196)

Fu Zi Jing Mi Tang (Aconite and Glutinous Rice Decoction)
From: Discussion of Cold Damage by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Gan Cao Xie Xin Tang (Licorice Decoction to Drain the Heart)
From: Discussion of Cold Damage by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Gan Cao Xie Xin Tang (Licorice Decoction to Drain the Heart)
From: Essentials from the Golden Cabinet by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Gan Jiang Ren Shen Ban Xia Wan (Ginger, Ginseng and Pinellia Pill)
From: Essentials from the Golden Cabinet by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Gan Sui Ban Xia Tang (Kansui and Pinellia Decoction)
From: Essentials from the Golden Cabinet by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Ge Gen Jia Ban Xia Tang (Kudzu Decoction with Pinellia)
From: Discussion of Cold Damage by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Gou Teng San (Uncaria Powder)
From: Formulas of Universal Benefit from My Practice (1132) by Xu Shu-Wei

Gua Lou Xie Bai Ban Xia Tang (Trichosanthes Fruit, Chinese Garlic and Pinellia Decoction)
From: Essentials from the Golden Cabinet by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Hai Zao Yu Hu Tang (Sargassum Decoction for the Jade Flask)
From: Orthodox Lineage of External Medicine by Chen Shi-Gong (1617)

Hao Qin Qing Dan Tang (Sweet Wormwood and Scutellaria Decoction to Clear the Gallbladder)
From: Revised Popular Guide to the Discussion of Cold Damage by Yu Gen-Chu, Revised by He Bing-Yuan (Qing dynasty)

Hou Po Sheng Jiang Ban Xia Gan Cao Ren Shen Tang (Magnolia Bark, Fresh Ginger, Pinellia, Liquorice and Ginseng Decoction)
From: Essentials from the Golden Cabinet by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Hua Tan Xiao He Wan (Transform Phlegm and Reduce Nodules Pill)
From: Treatment Strategies and Formulas in Chinese Medicine (1975) by Ai Ru-Di

Huang Lian Tang (Coptis Decoction)
From: Discussion of Cold Damage by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Huang Lian Wen Dan Tang (Warm the Gallbladder Decoction with Coptis)
From: Warp and Weft of Warm Diseases by Wang Shi-Xiong / Wang Meng-Ying (1852)

Huang Qin Jia Ban Xia Sheng Jiang Tang (Scutellaria Decoction plus Pinellia and Fresh Ginger)
From: Discussion of Cold Damage by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Hui Chun Dan (Special Pill to Restore Life)
From: Medicinal Teachings from the Respectfully Decorated Hall (late 18th Century)

Hui Fu Qi Fei Pi Xu Fang (Convalescent Stage Lung and Spleen Qi Deficiency Prescription)
From: Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (Trial Version 7), Chinese Medical Journal 2020, 133(9): 1087-1095. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000819 by Wei Pei-Fang (editor), National Health Commission & National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2020)

Hui Yang Jiu Ji Tang (Restore and Revive the Yang Decoction)
From: Six Texts on Cold Damage (1445) by Tao Hua

Hui Yang Jiu Ji Tang (Revive the Yang in Emergencies Decoction)
From: Revised Popular Guide to the Discussion of Cold Damage by Yu Gen-Chu, Revised by He Bing-Yuan (Qing dynasty)

Huo Po Xia Ling Tang (Patchouli/Agastache, Magnolia Bark, Pinellia and Poria Decoction)
From: Bases of Medicine (1861) by Shi Shou-Tang

Huo Xiang Zheng Qi San (Patchouli/Agastache Powder to Rectify the Qi)
From: Formulary of the Pharmacy Service for Benefiting the People of the Taiping Era by Tai Yi Ju (Imperial Medical Bureau) (1107)

Huo Yu Fu Sui Tang (Stasis Quickening Successful Recovery Decoction)
From: Ten Lectures on the Use of Formulas from the Personal Experience of Jiao Shu-De by Jiao Shu-De (2005)

Jia Jian Da Yuan Yin (Modified Reach the Source Drink)
From: Warp and Weft of Warm Diseases by Wang Shi-Xiong / Wang Meng-Ying (1852)

Jia Jian Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Modified Minor Bupleurum Decoction)
From: Six Texts on Cold Damage (1445) by Tao Hua

Jia Wei Da Chai Hu Tang (Modified Greater Bupleurum Decoction)
From: Revised and Expanded Discussion of Warm-Heat Pathogen Diseases (1907)

Jia Wei Er Chen Tang (Augmented Two-Aged [Herb] Decotion)
From: Golden Mirror of the Medical Tradition by Wu Qian (1742)

Jia Wei Mai Men Dong Tang (Modified Ophiopogonis Decoction)
From: Essays on Medicine Esteeming the Chinese and Respecting the Western by Zang Xi Chun / Zang Shou Fu (1918-1934)

Jia Wei Sheng Jiang Li Zhong Tang (Modified Regulate the Middle with Fresh Ginger Decoction)
From: Wan Family's Excellent Remedies Beneficial to Mankind by Wan Biao (1520)

Jia Wei Xiao Xian Xiong Tang (Augmented Minor Decoction [for Pathogens] Stuck in the Chest)
From: Bases of Medicine (1861) by Shi Shou-Tang

Jiang Qi Hua Tan Tang (Direct Qi Downward and Transform Phlegm Decoction)
From: Systematic Instructions on Medicine (1534)

Jie Gan Jian (Resolve the Liver Decoction)
From: Collected Treatises of Jing-Yue by Zhang Jie Bin / Zhang Jing Yue (1624)

Jin Fei Cao San (Inula Powder)
From: Formulary of the Pharmacy Service for Benefiting the People of the Taiping Era by Tai Yi Ju (Imperial Medical Bureau) (1107)

Jin Fei Cao San (Inula Powder)
From: Book to Safeguard Life Arranged According to Pattern (1108)

Jin Hua Wan (Golden Flower Pills)
From: Essential Subtleties on the Silver Sea by Unknown, attributed to Sun Si Miao (Maybe composed in the Song - Ming Dynasty, published ~1579)

Jin Shui Liu Jun Jian (Six Gentlemen of Metal and Water Decoction)
From: Collected Treatises of Jing-Yue by Zhang Jie Bin / Zhang Jing Yue (1624)

Jing Yan Fang (Empirical Formula)
From: Categorised Essentials of Repairing the Body by Xue Ji (1548)

Ju Ban Zhi Zhu Wan (Orange Peel, Pinellia, Unripe Bitter Orange and Atractylodes Pill)
From: Introduction to Medicine (1575) by Li Chan / Jian-Zhai

Ju Pi Zhu Ru Tang (Tangerine Peel and Bamboo Shavings Decoction)
From: Formulas to Aid the Living by Yan Yong-He (1253)

Lei Shi Xuan Tou Mo Yuan Fa (Lei's Method for Disseminating and Venting from the Membrane Source)
From: Discussion of Season Diseases (1882)

Leng Xiao Wan (Cold Asthma Pill)
From: Comprehensive Medicine According to Master Zhang (1695) by Zhang Lu-Yu / Shi-Wan

Lian Po Yin (Coptis and Magnolia Drink)
From: Discussion of Sudden Turmoil Disorders (1862) by Wang Shi-Xiong

Ling Gan Wu Wei Jia Jiang Xin Ban Xai Xing Ren Tang (Poria, Licorice and Schisandra with Ginger, Asarum, Pinellia and Apricot Kernal Decoction)
From: Essentials from the Golden Cabinet by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Liu An Jian (Serene Six Decotion)
From: Collected Treatises of Jing-Yue by Zhang Jie Bin / Zhang Jing Yue (1624)

Liu He Tang (Harmonise the Six Decoction)
From: Formulary of the Pharmacy Service for Benefiting the People of the Taiping Era by Tai Yi Ju (Imperial Medical Bureau) (1107)

Liu Jun Zi Tang (Six Gentlemen Decoction)
From: Formulary of the Pharmacy Service for Benefiting the People of the Taiping Era by Tai Yi Ju (Imperial Medical Bureau) (1107)

Mai Men Dong Tang (Ophiopogonis Decoction)
From: Essentials from the Golden Cabinet by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Nian Ci An Chuan Bei Pi Pa Gao (Fritillaria and Loquat Leaf Syrup in Memory of my Mother)
From: Discussion of Warm Diseases by Ye Tianshi (Qing Dynasty)

Ning Sou San (Calm Coughing Pill)
From: Revised Popular Guide to the Discussion of Cold Damage by Yu Gen-Chu, Revised by He Bing-Yuan (Qing dynasty)

Qi Zheng Fang (Strange Disease Formula)
From: Collection of Strange Conditions by Shen Yuan (1786)

Qing Dan Xie Huo Tang (Clear the Gallbladder and Drain Fire Decoction)
From: Integrated Chinese and Western Medical Treatment of the Acute Abdomen (1973)

Qing Fei Pai Du Tang (Lung Clearing and Detoxifying Decotion)
From: Traditional Chinese Medicine: an effective treatment for 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (NCP) by Du et al. (2020)

Qing Pi Tang (Clear the Spleen Decoction)
From: Formulas to Aid the Living by Yan Yong-He (1253)

Qing Qi Hua Tan Wan (Clear the Qi and Transform Phlegm Pill)
From: Investigations of Medical Formulas (1584)

Qing Shi Hua Tan Tang (Clear Dampness and Transform Phlegm Decoction)
From: Achieving Longevity by Guarding the Source by Gong Ting-Xian (1615)

Ren Shen Huang Qi San (Ginseng and Astragalus Powder)
From: Precious Mirror of Health by Luo Tian-Yi (Yuan Dynasty)

San Hua Fu Sui Tang (Three Transformations Successful Recovery Decoction)
From: Ten Lectures on the Use of Formulas from the Personal Experience of Jiao Shu-De by Jiao Shu-De (2005)

San Huang Zhi Zhu Wan (Three Yellows Unripe Bitter Orange and Atractylodes Pill)
From: Discussion of the Spleen and Stomach by Li Gao / Li Dong Yuan (1249)

San Ren Tang (Three Seed Decoction)
From: Systematic Differentiation of Warm Pathogen Diseases by Wu Tang / Wu Ju Tong (1798)

San Yu He Shang Tang (Wash to Mollify Trauma by Dispersing Stasis)
From: Golden Mirror of the Medical Tradition by Wu Qian (1742)

She Gan Ma Huang Tang (Belamcanda and Ephedra Decoction)
From: Essentials from the Golden Cabinet by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Shen Su Yin (Ginseng and Perilla Drink)
From: Formulary of the Pharmacy Service for Benefiting the People of the Taiping Era by Tai Yi Ju (Imperial Medical Bureau) (1107)

Sheng Jiang Xie Xin Tang (Fresh Ginger Decoction to Drain the Heart)
From: Discussion of Cold Damage by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Sheng Yang Yi Wei Tang (Raise the Yang and Augment the Stomach Decoction)
From: Clarifying Doubts About Damage from Internal and External Causes by Li Gao / Li Dong Yuan (1247)

Shi Wei Wen Dan Tang (Ten Ingredient Warm the Gallbladder Decoction)
From: Indispensable Tools for Pattern Treatment by Wang Ken-Tang (1602)

Si Qi Tang (Four Ingredient Decoction for the Seven Emotions)
From: A Simple Book of Formulas (1191) by Wang Shuo

Su Zi Jiang Qi Tang (Perilla Fruit Decoction for Directing Qi Downward)
From: Important Formulas Worth a Thousand Gold Pieces by Sun Si Miao (650)

Tian Ma San (Gastrodia Powder)
From: Precious Mirror of Health by Luo Tian-Yi (Yuan Dynasty)

Wen Dan Jia Ban Xia Chai Hu Tang (Warm Gallbladder plus Pinellia and Bupleurum Decoction)
From: Xu Ming Yi Lei An by Wei Zhixiu (1863)

Wen Dan Qu Zhu Ru Tang (Warm Gallbladder minus Bamboo Decoction)
From: Gu Jin Yi An An by Yu Zhen (1778)

Wen Dan Tang (Warm Gallbladder Decoction)
From: Discussion of Illnesses, Patterns and Formulas Related to the Unification of the Three Etiologies by Chen Yan (1174)

Wen Jing Tang (Warm the Flow Decoction)
From: Essentials from the Golden Cabinet by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Wu Ji San (Five Accumulations Powder)
From: Secret Formulas to Manage Trauma and Reconnect Fractures Received from an Immortal (c. 846)

Xiang Fu Xuan Fu Hua Tang (Cyperus and Inula Decoction)
From: Systematic Differentiation of Warm Pathogen Diseases by Wu Tang / Wu Ju Tong (1798)

Xiang Sha Jiu (Auklandia and Amomum Wine)
From: Chinese Medicinal Wines and Elixirs (2008) by Various

Xiang Sha Liu Jun Zi Tang (Six Gentlemen with Auklandia and Amomum)
From: Discussion of Famous Physicians' Formulas Past and Present (1675)

Xiao Ban Xia Jia Fu Ling Tang (Minor Pinellia Decoction with Poria)
From: Essentials from the Golden Cabinet by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Xiao Ban Xia Tang (Minor Pinellia Decoction)
From: Essentials from the Golden Cabinet by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Lesser Bupleurum Decoction)
From: Discussion of Cold Damage by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Xiao Qi Qi Tang (Minor Seven Emotions Decoction)
From: Formulary of the Pharmacy Service for Benefiting the People of the Taiping Era by Tai Yi Ju (Imperial Medical Bureau) (1107)

Xiao Qing Long Jia Shi Gao Tang (Minor Blue-Green Dragon Decoction plus Gypsum)
From: Discussion of Cold Damage by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Xiao Qing Long Tang (Minor Blue-Green Dragon Decoction)
From: Discussion of Cold Damage by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Xiao Xian Xiong Tang (Minor Decoction [for Pathogens] Stuck in the Chest)
From: Discussion of Cold Damage by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Xie Gan Tang (Drain the Liver Decocotion)
From: Selections from the Clinical Experience of Guan You-Bo (2006) by Guan You-Bo

Xie Shu Tang (Pivot Harmonising Decoction)
From: Ten Lectures on the Use of Formulas from the Personal Experience of Jiao Shu-De by Jiao Shu-De (2005)

Xin Jia Yu Nu Jian (Newly Augmented Jade Woman Decoction)
From: Revised Popular Guide to the Discussion of Cold Damage by Yu Gen-Chu, Revised by He Bing-Yuan (Qing dynasty)

Xing Ren Hua Shi Tang (Apricot Kernal and Talcum Decoction)
From: Systematic Differentiation of Warm Pathogen Diseases by Wu Tang / Wu Ju Tong (1798)

Xing Su San (Apricot Kernal and Perilla Leaf Powder)
From: Systematic Differentiation of Warm Pathogen Diseases by Wu Tang / Wu Ju Tong (1798)

Xuan Bi Tang (Disband Painful Obstruction Decoction)
From: Systematic Differentiation of Warm Pathogen Diseases by Wu Tang / Wu Ju Tong (1798)

Xuan Fu Dai Zhe Tang (Inula and Hematite Decoction)
From: Discussion of Cold Damage by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Yan Nian Ban Xia Tang (Pinellia Decoction to Extend Life)
From: Arcane Essentials from the Imperial Library by Wang Tao (752)

Yang Xin Tang (Nourish the Heart Decoction)
From: Indispensable Tools for Pattern Treatment by Wang Ken-Tang (1602)

Yi Gan San Jia Chen Pi Ban Xia (Restrain the Liver Powder with Orange Peel and Pinellia)
From: Unknown, common modification of Yi Gan San used in Japan.

Yin Chen Fu Zi Gan Jiang Tang (Virgate Wormwood, Aconite Accessory Root and Ginger Decoction)
From: Precious Mirror of Health by Luo Tian-Yi (Yuan Dynasty)

Yue Bi Jia Ban Xia Tang (Maidservant from Yue's Decoction with Pinellia)
From: Discussion of Cold Damage by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Zha Qu Ping Wei San (Hawthorn and Medicated Leaven Powder to Calm the Stomach)
From: Pathodynamics and Treatment Strategies in Chinese Medicine (1988)

Zhen Gan Fu Sui Tang (Liver Settling Successful Recovery Decoction)
From: Ten Lectures on the Use of Formulas from the Personal Experience of Jiao Shu-De by Jiao Shu-De (2005)

Zhen Ni Bai Hu Tang (White Tiger to Suppress Rebellion Decoction)
From: Essays on Medicine Esteeming the Chinese and Respecting the Western by Zang Xi Chun / Zang Shou Fu (1918-1934)

Zhi Shi Xiao Pi Wan (Unripe Bitter Orange Pill to Reduce Focal Distention)
From: Secrets from the Orchid Chamber by Li Gao / Li Dong Yuan (1276)

Zhong Man Fen Xiao Tang (Separate and Reduce Fullness in the Middle Decoction)
From: Secrets from the Orchid Chamber by Li Gao / Li Dong Yuan (1276)

Zhong Man Fen Xiao Wan (Separate and Reduce Fullness in the Middle Pill)
From: Secrets from the Orchid Chamber by Li Gao / Li Dong Yuan (1276)

Zhong Zheng Qi Yi Du Bi Fei Fang (Severe Stage Epidemic Poison Blocking the Lung Prescription)
From: Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol for Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia (Trial Version 7), Chinese Medical Journal 2020, 133(9): 1087-1095. doi: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000000819 by Wei Pei-Fang (editor), National Health Commission & National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine (2020)

Zhu Li Da Tan Wan (Bamboo Sap Pill to Trust Out Phlegm)
From: Multitude of Marvelous Formulas for Sustaining Life (1550)

Zhu Ru Wen Dan Tang (Bamboo Decoction to Warm the Gallbladder)
From: Restoration of Health from the Myriad Diseases by Gong Ting-Xian (1587)

Zhu Ru Wen Dan Tang (Warm Gallbladder with Bamboo Shavings Decoction)
From: Xu Ming Yi Lei An by Wei Zhixiu (1863)

Zhu Ye Shi Gao Tang (Lophatherum and Gypsum Decoction)
From: Discussion of Cold Damage by Zhang Zhong-Jing (c. 220)

Research Links & References: (click to display)

Individual Herbs Notebook

半 夏  Ban Xia

Translation: Half Summer

Pharmaceutical: Rhizoma Pinelliae
Taxonomy: Pinellia ternata

Other names: Pinellia Rhizome

Category: Herbs that Transform Phlegm

Research Links:

Reference Notes: